Branch Thinning and the Large-Scale, Self-Similar Structure of Trees.
Identifieur interne : 001027 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001026; suivant : 001028Branch Thinning and the Large-Scale, Self-Similar Structure of Trees.
Auteurs : Lars Hellström ; Linus Carlsson ; Daniel S. Falster ; Mark Westoby ; Ke Br NnströmSource :
- The American naturalist [ 1537-5323 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- croissance et développement : Arbres.
- Acer, Bois, Modèles biologiques, Populus.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- growth & development : Trees.
- Acer, Models, Biological, Populus, Wood.
Abstract
Branch formation in trees has an inherent tendency toward exponential growth, but exponential growth in the number of branches cannot continue indefinitely. It has been suggested that trees balance this tendency toward expansion by also losing branches grown in previous growth cycles. Here, we present a model for branch formation and branch loss during ontogeny that builds on the phenomenological assumption of a branch carrying capacity. The model allows us to derive approximate analytical expressions for the number of tips on a branch, the distribution of growth modules within a branch, and the rate and size distribution of tree wood litter produced. Although limited availability of data makes empirical corroboration challenging, we show that our model can fit field observations of red maple (Acer rubrum) and note that the age distribution of discarded branches predicted by our model is qualitatively similar to an empirically observed distribution of dead and abscised branches of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). By showing how a simple phenomenological assumption-that the number of branches a tree can maintain is limited-leads directly to predictions on branching structure and the rate and size distribution of branch loss, these results potentially enable more explicit modeling of woody tissues in ecosystems worldwide, with implications for the buildup of flammable fuel, nutrient cycling, and understanding of plant growth.
DOI: 10.1086/697429
PubMed: 29897799
Affiliations:
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Falster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Westoby, Mark" sort="Westoby, Mark" uniqKey="Westoby M" first="Mark" last="Westoby">Mark Westoby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Br Nnstrom, Ke" sort="Br Nnstrom, Ke" uniqKey="Br Nnstrom " first=" Ke" last="Br Nnström"> Ke Br Nnström</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American naturalist</title><idno type="eISSN">1537-5323</idno><imprint><date when="2018" type="published">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acer (MeSH)</term><term>Models, Biological (MeSH)</term><term>Populus (MeSH)</term><term>Trees (growth & development)</term><term>Wood (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acer (MeSH)</term><term>Arbres (croissance et développement)</term><term>Bois (MeSH)</term><term>Modèles biologiques (MeSH)</term><term>Populus (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Trees</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Acer</term><term>Models, Biological</term><term>Populus</term><term>Wood</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acer</term><term>Bois</term><term>Modèles biologiques</term><term>Populus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Branch formation in trees has an inherent tendency toward exponential growth, but exponential growth in the number of branches cannot continue indefinitely. It has been suggested that trees balance this tendency toward expansion by also losing branches grown in previous growth cycles. Here, we present a model for branch formation and branch loss during ontogeny that builds on the phenomenological assumption of a branch carrying capacity. The model allows us to derive approximate analytical expressions for the number of tips on a branch, the distribution of growth modules within a branch, and the rate and size distribution of tree wood litter produced. Although limited availability of data makes empirical corroboration challenging, we show that our model can fit field observations of red maple (Acer rubrum) and note that the age distribution of discarded branches predicted by our model is qualitatively similar to an empirically observed distribution of dead and abscised branches of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). By showing how a simple phenomenological assumption-that the number of branches a tree can maintain is limited-leads directly to predictions on branching structure and the rate and size distribution of branch loss, these results potentially enable more explicit modeling of woody tissues in ecosystems worldwide, with implications for the buildup of flammable fuel, nutrient cycling, and understanding of plant growth.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">29897799</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>10</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1537-5323</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>192</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2018</Year><Month>07</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The American naturalist</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am Nat</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Branch Thinning and the Large-Scale, Self-Similar Structure of Trees.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>E37-E47</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1086/697429</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Branch formation in trees has an inherent tendency toward exponential growth, but exponential growth in the number of branches cannot continue indefinitely. It has been suggested that trees balance this tendency toward expansion by also losing branches grown in previous growth cycles. Here, we present a model for branch formation and branch loss during ontogeny that builds on the phenomenological assumption of a branch carrying capacity. The model allows us to derive approximate analytical expressions for the number of tips on a branch, the distribution of growth modules within a branch, and the rate and size distribution of tree wood litter produced. Although limited availability of data makes empirical corroboration challenging, we show that our model can fit field observations of red maple (Acer rubrum) and note that the age distribution of discarded branches predicted by our model is qualitatively similar to an empirically observed distribution of dead and abscised branches of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). By showing how a simple phenomenological assumption-that the number of branches a tree can maintain is limited-leads directly to predictions on branching structure and the rate and size distribution of branch loss, these results potentially enable more explicit modeling of woody tissues in ecosystems worldwide, with implications for the buildup of flammable fuel, nutrient cycling, and understanding of plant growth.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hellström</LastName><ForeName>Lars</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carlsson</LastName><ForeName>Linus</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Falster</LastName><ForeName>Daniel S</ForeName><Initials>DS</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Westoby</LastName><ForeName>Mark</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brännström</LastName><ForeName>Åke</ForeName><Initials>Å</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2018</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Am Nat</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2984688R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0003-0147</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D031002" MajorTopicYN="N">Acer</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008954" MajorTopicYN="Y">Models, Biological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="N">Trees</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="Y">growth & development</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014934" MajorTopicYN="N">Wood</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">branching structure</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">self-similarity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">tree architecture</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">wood litter</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2018</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2018</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29897799</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1086/697429</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Br Nnstrom, Ke" sort="Br Nnstrom, Ke" uniqKey="Br Nnstrom " first=" Ke" last="Br Nnström"> Ke Br Nnström</name><name sortKey="Carlsson, Linus" sort="Carlsson, Linus" uniqKey="Carlsson L" first="Linus" last="Carlsson">Linus Carlsson</name><name sortKey="Falster, Daniel S" sort="Falster, Daniel S" uniqKey="Falster D" first="Daniel S" last="Falster">Daniel S. Falster</name><name sortKey="Hellstrom, Lars" sort="Hellstrom, Lars" uniqKey="Hellstrom L" first="Lars" last="Hellström">Lars Hellström</name><name sortKey="Westoby, Mark" sort="Westoby, Mark" uniqKey="Westoby M" first="Mark" last="Westoby">Mark Westoby</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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